منابع مشابه
Ischemic stroke and use of estrogen and estrogen/progestogen as hormone replacement therapy.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Information about the risk of stroke in current postmenopausal hormone users is limited. METHODS In this case-control study, women aged 45 to 74 years hospitalized with a fatal or nonfatal stroke in any of 10 Northern California Kaiser Permanente facilities during the period November 1991 to November 1994 were identified as cases. Controls were selected at random from f...
متن کاملFocus on cardiovascular health: hormone replacement therapy, estrogen replacement therapy, and selective estrogen receptor modulators.
Walsh • Focus on cardiovascular health C disease is the leading cause of death in the United States today. Fully 52% of women will die of cardiovascular disease, far exceeding the percentage who will die of all cancers combined, and far in excess of the 4% who will die of breast cancer.1 It has been known since the initial findings of the Framingham Study, however, that women have a 20-year adv...
متن کاملHormone Replacement Therapy and Stroke
Despite major progress in treatment and prevention, stroke remains the leading cause of disability and the third leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer, in the United States.1 An estimated 500 000 to 600 000 first and 100 000 recurrent strokes occur each year, and '160 000 of these are fatal.2 Among stroke survivors, the burden of long-term disability is great. In th...
متن کاملEstrogen replacement therapy, atherosclerosis, and vascular function.
There is strong evidence from both human and nonhuman primate studies supporting the conclusion that estrogen deficiency increases the progression of atherosclerosis. More controversial is the conclusion that postmenopausal estrogen replacement inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis. Estrogen treatment of older women (>65 years) with pre-existing coronary artery atherosclerosis had no bene...
متن کاملEstrogen-progestin replacement therapy and endometrial cancer.
BACKGROUND It has been known for more than 20 years that estrogen replacement therapy substantially increases a woman's risk of developing endometrial cancer. To reduce this increased risk, progestins have been added to estrogen replacement therapy for between 5 and 15 days (usually 7 or 10 days) per "month" in a sequential fashion (sequential estrogen-progestin replacement therapy) or with eac...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cell Medicine
سال: 2014
ISSN: 2155-1790,2155-1790
DOI: 10.3727/215517913x672263